Types of Camera shots

Extreme Close up

An extreme close up is a shot  so tight that only a detail of the photo, for instance someone's eyes can be seen. These are great shots to use for added suspense or to basically draw your audience closer to a specific feature or detail in a shot or scene.

Long shot

This type of shot features the subject far from the camera and as a result we see the area and environment around the subject, 

this shot is often used to show where the subject is located.

Wide shot

A wide shot is a way to show a large area or environment around a subject. Using a wide shot is to allow the audience to clearly see the immediate aream and environment around them.

Midshot

A mid shot is a photograph or film that is taken at a medium distance, as you can see in this photo the broader scene is visible and ypu can seen the woman's head and shoulders. 

Close Up

Close ups contain the most detail, but do not include the broader scene. The reasoning behind the usage of a close up is because its a type of common zooming as well as it being a way to tightly frame a person or object.